Rosé wine is crisp and oh so refreshing and is a popular wine choice during the summer months. One fun way to quench your summer thirst is with a vibrant and fruit-forward glass of rosé. Made with red wine grapes such as the popular varietals Grenache, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon or Franc, Sangiovese etc., this pink-hued wine is produced all over the globe. However, when it comes to selecting a rosé wine, some considerations should be kept in mind.  Rosé wine is crisp and oh so refreshing and is a popular wine choice during the summer months. One fun way to quench your summer thirst is with a vibrant and fruit-forward glass of rosé. Made with red wine grapes such as the popular varietals Grenache, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon or Franc, Sangiovese etc., this pink-hued wine is produced all over the globe. However, when it comes to selecting a rosé wine, some considerations should be kept in mind.  Below, we will guide you through the various rosé wine production methods, different styles of rosé wine, and which dishes are best paired with this delightful wine.  Understanding Rosé Wine Production Methods Rosé wine has many faces and is more interesting than one might think. Winemakers use various production methods when making rosé wine and knowing the difference between them can make a difference when determining which style you prefer more. There are four main production methods used: limited skin maceration, the “saignée method”, blending, and direct pressing.  Limited Skin Maceration Limited skin maceration is the most popular method used by winemakers during the production of rosé wine. As you may already know, maceration or skin contact after crushing is essential for all wine, except for white wine. The juice and grape skins are left to soak (macerate) until a suitable colour is achieved for the final product.  For rosé wine, the grape skins and juice come into contact for a few hours, typically between 12 and 24 hours. Both the colour and aroma intensity are heavily influenced by the length of the maceration. This is why rosé wines can vary in colour as well, spanning from light blush pink to bright deeper pink. Once maceration is complete, the juice is drawn off the grape skins and the fermentation process begins.  Saignée Method Also referred to as the ‘bleeding’ method, the saignée method is often used in the regions of Bordeaux and Burgundy.  Originally, this method was used as a way of concentrating red wine. Winemakers would vinify a red wine to standard and then during the maceration process would remove some juice. The ‘bled’ or removed juice is then separately used to produce rosé wine. Rosé wine produced using the saignée method can often be a lot richer in style.  Blending Using the blending method in the production of rosé wines is somewhat controversial, especially in the European Union. The blending of rosé wine involves the mixing of white and red wine post-fermentation which is strictly prohibited, except in the Champagne …

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Known as the grape varietal at the heart of Italy, Sangiovese is Italy’s most widely planted red wine grape. A dominant element of many classic Italian wines, especially Chianti, this grape varietal holds a special place in the hearts of Italian winemakers. As a clear protagonist on the world’s wine stage, our team at Small Winemakers Collection believes that every wine enthusiast should make dedicate time to research and expose themselves to this beloved noble wine.  So, without further ado, let’s get started.  Sangiovese: Exploring this Italian Grape Variety While more subtle than that of Pinot Noir or Cabernet, the Sangiovese grape does not fail to leave a lasting impression. Indigenous to Italy, this grape has an innate ability to adapt and thrive in any environment. Due to its versatility, it is known as being one of the most diverse grapes used in winemaking.  While this grape varietal is planted all over the world, Tuscany is by far the most notable Italian wine region to produce Sangiovese wines. It is believed that the origins of this grape date back to Roman times where it was first cultivated by Etruscans. While other theories suggest that its name derives from Sanguis Jovis meaning the Blood of Jupiter.  Although its origins aren’t exactly known, what is clear to see is the lasting impact that this grape variety has had on Italian winemaking. Commonly used as a blended wine, Sangiovese is typically used in the production of Super Tuscans such as Chianti or Brunello di Montalcino.  What Are the Characteristics and Profile of This Wine? While these grapes are versatile and can adapt easily to their environment, Sangiovese grapes have clear characteristics regardless of the region they are grown in. These grapes are known for being light in colour, having thin skin, featuring fine tannins, and thriving in long growing seasons. It also has the ability to give a beautiful acidic structure when blended with other grapes.  In terms of aromatic and flavour profile, wines made with the Sangiovese grape tend to be medium to full-bodied, dry, and highly acidic. They offer classic flavours of red berries such as red cherry, raspberry, plum, and strawberry. However, it also is praised for its more complex savoury flavours and aromas including:  Leather Tomato Smoke Clay Tobacco If your personal preference is for a wine that has a wide depth of flavour and offers sharp acidic qualities, choosing a Sangiovese wine, whether blended or not, could be a great option for you. In our opinion, there is a space for this intensely aromatic and flavourful grape variety in all wine cellars and collections.  Sangiovese Food Pairings: The Best Dishes to Complement This Tuscan Delight When it comes to Sangiovese food pairings, the bolder the better. This Tuscan grape has a big personality with strong flavours and textures. For this reason, it is best to pair with similar dishes so that one element won’t overpower the other.  Consider pairing an Armilla Rosso di Montalcino 2018 with a bold …

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As a white grape varietal, Riesling is well-known by professionals and consumers in the food and wine industry. While still a fan favourite amongst sommeliers, its limited retail presence has caused this wine to slip under the radar of some. However, the question many ask about Riesling is: Does it age well?  Riesling can in fact be enjoyed both young or aged, depending on the style and structure of the wine. However, there are many considerations that must be kept in mind when choosing to age this wine. Below, we look at the characteristics of the Riesling grape and provide recommendations on how to store Riesling correctly during the ageing process.  What Are the Main Characteristics of Riesling? Riesling is an aromatic grape varietal. Known for producing white wine that is floral and fruit-driven, this grape is grown in many reputable wine regions across the world, most notably Mosel Valley, Germany.  This white grape is often characterized by its moderate size, green skin, high acidity and light body. Notable tasting notes for this grape include citrus, stone fruit, rose blossom and petrol (when aged). Rieslings are also known for expressing their terroir and come in many styles. You can expect variations in terms of flavour, dryness, and sweetness.  For more information on the origins of this versatile grape, read our in-depth guide to Riesling wine.  Does the Riesling Grape Get Better With Age? Many think ageing is only suitable for red wines. But, in fact, many white wines such as Rieslings can evolve beautify with age in bottle. In fact, in recent years, older German Rieslings have come to prominence among sommeliers although it is still somewhat of a secret to consumers of the mass wine market.  As part of aging, one consideration that is looked at is a wine’s structure. Wines that have a complex structure and high acid are known to develop with age. In the case of white wine, the Riesling grape falls into this category – therefore, making it a worthy wine to age.  As noted above, a young Riesling will be unequivocally fresh, vibrant and fruit-forward. However, the profile of an older Riesling is much more complex and interesting. Riesling gains balance and density with age. Prominent flavours such as toast, honey and petrol are known to develop, while the fresh fruit characteristics known in its younger state become more subtle.  Riesling is considered aged after five years and Riesling which is high in acid and sugar or both can sometimes be cellared for twenty years or longer. Having said that, cellaring a Riesling must be done with care – otherwise, it won’t improve with age.  Wine Storage Considerations: How to Store Riesling Correctly How successfully a Riesling ages depends on three factors: the complexity of aromas, acidity levels and residual sugar. As the wine is so versatile and offers both dry, off-dry and sweet versions, you will need a storage method that is as multifaceted as the wine itself.  Wine storage principles such as …

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As an export, Chianti is as famous and respected as pasta, pizza, and espresso. Many wine enthusiasts will be able to cast their minds back to a particularly fond memory of tasting this renowned Italian wine.  Many have asked the question: Is Chianti a grape or a region? Similar to Bordeaux or Champagne, Chianti derives its name from its place of origin rather than its grape varietal. Made primarily with the classic Tuscan grape, Sangiovese, this wine is more than just its flavour profile – its true essence derives from the region and sub-regions it is produced in. Below, we will look at the wine region that gave its name to this red wine, the typical tasting notes and the ideal dishes to serve with Chianti.  Chianti: Understanding the Region and its Sub-Regions Located in Tuscany, the Chianti wine region is known for a distinctive Italian characteristic: rolling hills accentuated by vineyards. Stretching over 100 miles north to south, this large region is known for producing wine from some of the most notable appellations in Italy. In fact, Chianti reached DOCG status in the 1980s. However, it is the Chianti sub-regions where the true magic happens.  Chianti has several sub-regions that are mostly found in and around Florence, Siena, Pisa, and Arezzo. Each of these sub-regions can produce wines in various styles such as Chianti, Classico, Annata, Riserva, and Gran Selezione, all having their own aging requirements.  Let’s take a further look into each of the core sub-regions:  Chianti Classico – Considered the most important sub-region of Chianti, it is the only sub-region to hold its own DOCG. Known for their high-quality and aging properties, Chianti Classico wines have high acidity and a firm tannic structure. Variances in terroir lead to different styles produced in this sub-region. For example, wines from Greve are considered to have concentrated flavours while those from Radda are more elegant.  Chianti Rufina – The smallest of the sub-regions, Chianti Rufina is located east of Florence. Nestled at the base of the Apennine Mountains, this region’s elevation, cool climate and agreeable soils produce Chianti wines that are elegant and ideal for aging.  Chianti Colli Senesi – wines from Colli Senesi can offer good value and are notably elegant with fruit-driven characteristics.  Chianti Montalbano – Located north of Florence, the Chianti Montalbano wine region offers vineyards that are heavily influenced by sandstone which gives the Sangiovese grape a light, fruit-forward style.  Chianti Montespertoli – While it used to be part of the Fiorentini region, this sub-region was given its own designation in the late 1990s. This area’s special terroir and favourable climate allow it to produce particularly ripe Sangiovese grapes. Chianti Montespertoli wine is primarily a blended wine.  Chianti Colli Fiorentini – Chianti Colli Fiorentini wines, produced just south of Florence, are known for being easygoing, fruity, and light-bodied. Many would recommend enjoying these wines while young.  Chianti Colline Pisane – Located near the hills of Pisa, this lesser-known sub-region is closer to the coast and has …

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Merlot is a grape varietal that is praised and loved by many all over the world. But what exactly makes this grape so special? In this article, we look at the origins of merlot wine, the main regions where it is grown and it’s most defining characteristics.  Merlot: The Origins Of This Beloved Grape Variety The earliest mention of this grape varietal was recorded in the French wine region of Bordeaux in approximately 1784. It is believed that during this time, it was most often used when making blended wine. Directly translating to ‘The Little Blackbird’, Merlot became known for its ability to add softness and fruit-forward characteristics to wine when combined with the French favourite, Cabernet Sauvignon.  As the popularity of Bordeaux wine increased, so inevitably did the popularity of Merlot. Soon, this grape varietal was being planted all over France, especially on Bordeaux Right Bank. Sadly, Merlot is susceptible to frost, mildew and rot and successive bad vintages through the ’50s and ‘60s prompted a 5-year ban in 1970 on new plantings by the French Government. After the ban was lifted, it was widely planted once again. What Are The Main Wine Regions That Grow This Grape?  One of the defining characteristics of Merlot, according to many wine enthusiasts, is the fact that it is a bit of a chameleon – it is adaptable and can take on the character of its location and winemaking techniques.  The popularity of Merlot has led to its introduction in many wine regions all over the world, from the Golden State of California to Down Under in Australia. Let’s take a look at some of the modern interpretations of this French classic varietal. Tuscany Merlot is the fifth-most planted grape in Italy and has featured prominently in many Tuscan blends, more commonly known as Super Tuscans. They often use Merlot to make a single varietal wine or blend it with other grapes such as the local Sangiovese or more international varietals like Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah.   The warm climate helps ripen the Merlot grape varietal and soften harsh tannins making the Tuscan versions range from big, bold and oaky to restrained, delicate and earthy.  California The second most popular red wine varietal in the United States, Merlot has been produced in California since the mid-19th Century.  In fact, it was Californian winemakers that originally made the first 100% Merlot wine. Typically warm California wine regions such as Napa Valley and Paso Robles produce a Merlot that is round and lush with jammy fruit character, most often complimented with spice and vanilla notes from oak ageing. Chile  Although Chile is widely known for its red wine varietals Cabernet Sauvignon and Carmenère, Merlot has quickly become prominent. Chilean Merlot tends to be full-bodied yet delicate and is capable of standing out against even the strongest of flavours.  Colchagua Valley’s Apalta sub-appellation is an area where you can find some great examples of Merlot. Merlot: Tasting Notes & Flavour Profile Similar to Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot …

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Examining This Spanish Grape: The History Of Tempranillo  Tempranillo is the quintessential Spanish grape. The third most planted varietal in the world, it is most famous as being the primary grape of Rioja reds where it is blended with a bit of Graciano, Mazuelo or Garnacha. Originating in the Iberian Peninsula, it dates to at least the ninth century, and Spain is responsible for 80% of the world production.  Tempranillo now grows in most of the Spanish red wine regions, often with other names like Tinta del Toro,  Tinta del Pais and Tinto de La Rioja. But the grape has made headway in other parts of the world, mainly in Portugal (Tinta Roriz), Argentina, Mexico and the United States. While not having the same kind of recognition as other red grapes such as Merlot or Pinot Noir, its long history of making complex, long-lived wine is one to truly applaud.  Due to the hardy nature of the vine, it has a natural ability to withstand hot, dry climates making it perfect for cultivation in Spain and other warm wine regions around the world. The thick skin of Tempranillo grapes allows the fruit to fully ripen in hot daytime temperatures while cooler nights help maintain the natural acid balance.  This Old World grape varietal may have started its existence as a staple in Spanish winemaking tradition but has since become appreciated around the world.  Tempranillo Wine Characteristics: What Does It Taste Like?  Tempranillo is known for its contrasting earthy and fruity flavours, most notably leather and cherry. This medium-bodied ruby coloured wine has a low to medium acidity level and offers smooth tannins on the finish.  On the palate, you can expect fruity notes of plum, figs, strawberries and occasionally tomatoes. On the more earthy side of the spectrum, wine connoisseurs may observe notes of cedar, tobacco and cloves. Tempranillo is often aged in oak barrels, mostly American, which give an aroma of vanilla, coconut and caramel.  New world versions of Tempranillo tend to be more fruity and tannic while the Spanish tempranillo shows more earthy notes. Best Food Pairings For This Grape Varietal  Due to its savoury qualities and fruity finish, this wine style complements a wide range of dishes from grilled meat to paella and tomato-rich Italian pasta.  For a more rustic, traditional experience consider pairing this grape varietal with a true classic Spanish dish of roasted vegetables and cured meats. The saltiness of the meat pairs exceptionally well with the sweeter fruit notes. With its moderate tannin and acidity, it has been known to pair well with spicier Mexican cuisine and corn-based dishes. Cheese and charcuterie boards are also a great match for Tempranillo. Where To Buy Tempranillo Wine In Ontario?  Interested in trying this beautiful Spanish grape for yourself? The good news is that Tempranillo can be easily purchased in Ontario especially through a trusted online wine agent. Here at Small Winemakers, the Tempranillo grape varietal has held a special place in our hearts for a long …

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Syrah wine has long been regarded as one of the darkest red wines on the market. A full-bodied wine that boasts mouth-drying tannins and many wonderful flavours such as berries, pepper and smoked meat. However, only few wine lovers truly know of the origins of this exquisite grape variety. Syrah Wine: Its Origins There are numerous myths surrounding the emergence of the Syrah grape including a Roman emperor planting the grape in 280 A.D to a winemaker from Iran bringing the vines with him to France in 600 B.C. Regardless of how the grape arrived in France, what is known is that the French made this grape variety what it is today. Coming to prominence in the eighteenth century, Syrah wines are famously grown in Northern Rhône and have become one of the most widely planted red wine grape varieties in the world. A quintessential Mediterranean-climate variety, its memorable earthy-herbaceous aromas leave a lasting impression on many wine tasters. Typically grown in moderate and hot climates, this grape needs plenty of sun in order to ripen due to their thick skins. Many winemakers note that “Syrah likes a view” as it is generally grown towards the top of the hill. Soil is generally poorer at the top of the hill, and this makes the vine struggle and produce more concentrated grapes. At the height of its popularity, many winemakers from around the world began to grow this grape variety. One such place is Australia, where Syrah is also known as Shiraz wine. Barossa Valley in Australia produces some of the highest-rated Syrah wines in the world. The Australian Shiraz come in a variety of styles and differ in flavours to its French counterpart, offering hints of blackberry, sweet spice and dark chocolate. It is also extremely useful as a blending grape and commonly blended in Southern Rhône with any combination of Grenache, Carignan and Cinsaut due to its deep colour and high tannins. What Are The Defining Characteristics Of This Grape Variety? Syrah and Shiraz is beautifully expressive and offers many unique structural components. As we have mentioned before, one of the most striking characteristics of this grape is its appearance. This dark-coloured inky wine is known for its deep purple hue and lack of translucency. Syrah’s velvety elegance packs a punch on the opening palate with bold flavours of dark-fruit and crunchy spice. However, climate plays a large role in the flavour profile of this grape. This is one of the defining characteristics that make this grape truly unique. Cooler climates such as Northern Rhône or parts of Western Australia bring out hints of mint, pepperiness and spice on the aftertaste. While warmer climates change the flavour profile to include notes of blackberry, chocolate and gamey aftertastes as it ages. Typical flavours of this grape include blackberries, plums, black cherries, flowers, earth, chocolate, pepper and truffles. Pairing Options: Which Food Suits Best Thanks to its rich flavour profile, pairing Syrah wine is a delightful experience. The perfect match to …

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